American basswood, american linden, lime tree, bee tree tiliaceae linden family synonyms. It also produces mannose in its nectar that may be slightly toxic. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. This tree has a faster growth rate than the species and. One other species that is native to southern illinois, tilia heterophylla white basswood, is very similar to american basswood, except that its leaf undersides are strongly whitened by minute hairs. American basswood is a stately, widespreading tree, 6080 ft. An tilia cordata in nahilalakip ha genus nga tilia, ngan familia nga malvaceae. Ithas a strongly pyramidal form when young but becomes more upright as it matures. Crimean linden has a crown with narrow upright branches which eventually twist over and descend with age to form a mushroomlike dome. Tiliaceae linden family medicinal use of small leaved lime. It has been at the center of several bumble bee kills in oregon. Tilia cordata is known as a common shade or specimen tree, very symmetrical in shape, pyramidal to oval in outline, densely dark green and shinyfoliaged in summer, but often overused as a street tree and prone to stressinduced leaf scorch, windthrow, and decline under difficult circumstances. Tilia americana, commonly called american basswood or american linden, is a medium. While botanists are unsure of the parentage of this hybrid, most attribute it to a cross between the tilia cordata and tilia dasystyla.
However, if not properly pruned, it can become an overgrown mass or clump of small trees, rather that. The dried flowers are mildly sweet and sticky, and the fruit is somewhat sweet and mucilaginous. In europe, linden species, including littleleaf linden tilia cordata and european linden tilia x euopaea, are known as lime trees. In the south of its range it is restricted to high elevations.
American basswood tilia americana illinois wildflowers. Please head over to her website, where you will find all of the bands recorded music as well as her new album, no such thing as forever, release date february 21, 2020. Conical in its younger form, the crown becomes rounded with age. Plants profile for tilia americana american basswood. Like many wellloved trees, lindens have a host of nicknames. Tilia microphylla, tilia parvifolia, tilia ulmifolia family. It is not particularly tolerant of drought, scorching at the leaf. This hybrid of tilia cordata and tilia mongolica was developed in manitoba, canada. The plants database includes the following 3 subspecies of tilia americana. The latter variety grows in the southern states, and the smooth leaved kind inhabits the united states and canada.
Planting linden in areas with severe infestations of this pest is not recommended. Tilia americana it is a large shade tree growoing 6080 feet high and half that wide. The genus name, tilia, is the latin name for the linden or lime tree no relation to the citrus tree. The tree likes sun to halfshade at the location and the soil should be sandy to loamy to strong loamy. Tilia americana landscape plants oregon state university. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in tilia cordata. Bean noted that occasionally, enormous leaves measuring 38 cm or 15 in long by 25 cm or 10 in wide appear on thick, succulent shoots.
Tilia cordata greenspire greenspire littleleaf linden page 4 defoliation can be nearly total and mature trees can be killed by severe infestations. Tilia platyphyllos largeleaved lime or largeleaved linden is a species of flowering plant in the family malvaceae tiliaceae. Tilia americana is a species of tree in the family malvaceae, native to eastern north america. The plants database includes the following 10 species of tilia. It is also widely cultivated in north america as a substitute for the native tilia americana american linden or basswood which has a larger leaf, coarser in. Yellow a strong grower with clean glossy leaves that resist the rust problems of the species. All of the topkilled american basswood stems sprouted stems ranged in size from 4 to 17 inches 1043 cm in diameter, producing an average of 21 sprouts per clump within 5 years of the fire 57. Tilia cordata, the littleleaf linden tree is native to europe. The crimean linden or caucasian lime tree has a short lifespan of about 20 years, however, it is not susceptible to problems caused by diseases or pests. The margins have a rougher serration than that of tilia cordata.
Jeanne appreciates all of the love and support tilia americana has received over the years. Tilia leaf comparison how to identify a linden tilia spp. Mature heights range from 75 to feet 2340 m with diameter ranges from 36 to 48 inches 91122 cm. For example, the littleleaf linden tilia cordata can be 90 feet tall, with a spread of 50 feet. Crimean linden has glossy green leaves with perfectly toothed edges. Plant database lady bird johnson wildflower center. Some authors consider this species to be a variety of american basswood, or tilia americana heterophylla. Many native bees and wasps do not have the enzyme to break down mannose. Tilia americana redmond plant finder missouri botanical garden. The american lime is botanically called tilia americana. Tilia cordata smallleaved lime, occasionally littleleaf linden or smallleaved linden is a species of tilia native to much of europe. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles.
Tilia cordata firecracker littleleaf linden forestfarm. It is a deciduous tree, native to much of europe, including locally in southwestern great britain, growing on lime rich soils. The tree grows in sun or partial shade, will tolerate alkaline soil if it is moist, and it transplants well. Tilia cordata landscape plants oregon state university. See list of tilia vernacular names for more common names in other languages.
Nearly all of those planted in recent decades are horticultural cultivars selected for a compact pyramidal form. It has a strong pyramidal shape when young, but becomes more ovate when mature. Although basswood is also known as linden or lime in europe, it is commonly planted in towns and cities throughout the us as an ornamental. Although tilia cordata is believed to be stronger, t. Introduction greenspire littleleaf linden grows 50 to 75 feet tall and can spread 40 to 50 feet, but is normally seen 40 to 50 feet tall with a 35 to 40footspread in most landscapes. Tilia cordata it is a large shade tree that will grow to be 6070 feet high and a little over half that wide. Americans sometimes refer to the trees as basswood. This is not because they are related to the citrus fruits of the same name. Fire wounding of american basswood increases susceptibility. American linden was perhaps the most commonly planted linden 25 years ago. Linden tea has a pleasing taste, due to the aromatic volatile oil found in the flowers. Linden trees fall within the tilia genus and are part of the tilioideae or tiliaceae subfamily.
Tilia cordata firecracker firecracker littleleaf linden. Littleleaf linden tilia cordata arbor day foundation. Linden trees, sometimes called basswood or lime tree, are an excellent. Each leaf blade is orbicular cordate, cordate, or ovatecordate with sharply. Tilia cordata small leaved lime 1999, 1999, 2002, 2002, 2002, 2002 stewart r. American basswood tilia americana, northernmost tilia species, is a large, rapidgrowing tree of eastern and central hardwood woodlands. They are usually called lime trees in europe, and linden or. Beautiful yellow flowers, looking like fireworks, with a strong scent. Alternate, simple, ovate to cordate, 5 to 6 inches long, with serrate margins, pinnately veined, base is unequally cordate, green above and paler below.
This tree tends to be upright to pyramidal and has fragrant yellow flowers in midsummer. Its a good substitute for green ash in areas where emerald ash borer is present. If youre a woodcarver and have never used this wood, youre in for a real treat. Littleleaf linden has been widely introduced as an urban landscape tree and is far more common in those landscapes than our native american linden tilia americana, a. In our country are growing two linden species, tilia tomentosa, also.
The bark is furrowed into narrow, flattopped, firm ridges with characteristic horizontal cracks. Its heartshaped leaves and fragrant flowers in june make it especially attractive for people, while songbirds and blue jays are attracted to its seeds and use the tree for shelter. Tilia trees can be easily identified by their leaves obliquecordate leaves 6 20 centimetres 2 8 in across and tilia species are large deciduous trees, typically reaching 20 40 metres 66 ft in height. Tilia cordata the leaf is roundedovate leaf with an obliquely cordate base. Lime flowers are a popular domestic remedy for a number of ailments, especially in the treatment of colds and other ailments where sweating is desirable. Tilia americana is a species of tree in the family malvaceae, native to eastern north america, from southeast manitoba east to new brunswick, southwest to northeast oklahoma, southeast to south carolina, and west along the niobrara river to cherry county, nebraska. Watson2 introduction most often seen at 40 to 50 feet in height with a spread of 35 to 40 feet, american linden or basswood is capable of reaching 80 to 100 feet or more fig. Swedish botanist carolus linnaeus, who developed the system of binomial nomenclature, took his name from a. An tilia cordata in uska species han magnoliopsida nga ginhulagway ni philip miller. Tilia americana the leaf is broadly ovate with an obliquely cordate base.
Tilia americana, commonly called american basswood or american linden, is a medium to large deciduous tree which typically grows to 5080 infrequently to over 100 tall with an ovaterounded crown. How tilia cordata is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. It is native to a variety of habitats from quebec to the southeastern corner of manitoba and far eastern north dakota south to oklahoma, tennessee and north. Best growth is in the central part of the range on deep, moist soils. Names of tilia cordata in various languages of the world are also given. It is the sole representative of its genus in the western hemisphere, assuming t.
Native to ontario and parts of north america the common name basswood is derived from bastwood, in reference to the tough, inner bark bast which has been used to. The tree is a deciduous tree, it will be 30 40 m 99 2 ft high. Dirr says this attractive tree is less frequently used in landscapes in comparison to the littleleaf linden. This basswood tilia x euchlora was created in 1860 from a genetic cross between tilia cordata and tilia dasystyla. This same family also includes trees and shrubs like the rose of sharon hibiscus syriacus, phalsa grewia subinaequalis, durian durio zibethinus, and the illawarra flame tree brachychiton acerifolius. The tree is pyramidal when young but develops into a.
It is found from britain through central fennoscandia, to central russia, and south to central portugal, spain, italy, greece, bulgaria, romania, turkey, the caucasus, and western asia. Another wellknown species is tilia americana, also called american linden, that grows mostly in the u. Tolerant of difficult conditiions urban, pollution. Tilia cordata smallleaved linden, is similar to american basswood, except that.
Leaves larger than cordata but smaller than americana. American basswood american linden basswood bast tree common lime limeblossom lime flowers lime tree linden linden flower spoonwood wycopy linden is a tree belonging to different species of the genus tilia, also known as lime or basswood tree. Tilia cordata herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. Tilia americana or tilia europea or tilia cordata also, known as. American linden tilia americana basswood family tiliaceae.
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